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Introduction to Instrumentation and Control

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 Introduction first of all let us know some information about the science we are talking about. 1- What is  Instrumentation and Control ? Instrumentation and Control Engineering   (ICE) is a branch of engineering  that studies the measurement and control of process variables , and the design and implementation of systems  that incorporate them. Process variables include pressure, temperature, level and flow... Instrumentation Engineering :  is the science of the measurement and control of process variables Why  2- Why   Instrumentation and control ? assume that we have some tank filled with some product and we want to make control the level of this product to  with out Instrumentation and Control so we will need operator to observe  the level with his eyes and control the level with manual valve to    Product feed         Avoid Overflow. with human presence errors occurs and wh...
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PLC

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 PLC  Programmable Logic Controller It is a special computer that is program to serve process in industries  Like petroleum , steel, energy , petrochemicals , automations. PLC comes as a replacement of Classic control PLC hardware Component S7-300 RACK 1- PS SIEMENS POWER SUPPLY   (Optional for S7-300/ S7-400 must use siemens PS) 2- CPU 3- IM Interface module 4:11 (SM , FM or CP) S7-300 UP TO 4 RACKS (32 MODULES)   SM Signal Modules  DI             Switches 0,1 DO           Relays, Contactors 0,1 DI/DO AI             Transmitters 4:20mA mostly AO            Control valve control 4:20mA mostly AI/AO   FM Function Module There is some devices like encoders, flow sensors, weigh sensors need special intelligent modules to deal wi...
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Control Valves

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 Control valves    Mechanical devices used to control the flow of a fluid through a pipe.    Fluids like  Water Air Gas  Steam Control valve Structure Control Valve Classification Valves can be classified according to: 1- Valve motion (Movement of the closing element ). (closing element ). A- Linear motion (Slide Stem up and down ) •          Gate •         Globe •         Diaphragm   B- Rotary motion (Rotates 90°) (Quarter-turn)   Rotates 90° from open to the close (Quarter-turn).    Butterfly valve    Plug valve    Ball valve.   2- Valve function.    ON /OFF Fully open Fully close (Isolation) to Isolate parts of a network for maintenance. Throttling (Regulating ) Continuous control valve by opening % )    Check valve/Non return valve (Prevent reverse flow) ...
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