Mohamedfathy

 Control valves    Mechanical devices used to control the flow of a fluid through a pipe.    Fluids like  Water Air Gas  Steam Control valve Structure Control Valve Classification Valves can be classified according to: 1- Valve motion (Movement of the closing element ). (closing element ). A- Linear motion (Slide Stem up and down ) •          Gate •         Globe •         Diaphragm   B- Rotary motion (Rotates 90°) (Quarter-turn)   Rotates 90° from open to the close (Quarter-turn).    Butterfly valve    Plug valve    Ball valve.   2- Valve function.    ON /OFF Fully open Fully close (Isolation) to Isolate parts of a network for maintenance. Throttling (Regulating ) Continuous control valve by opening % )    Check valve/Non return valve (Prevent reverse flow) ...

DCS  Distributed Control System Basic Components of a Typical DCS Network 1-Operator Stations    Operator Stations, give operator the ability to observe, protect and control the operation    warnings and alarms, monitor production, and more 2. Servers, Archiving and Engineering Computers WORK STATION  (Hardware configurations,  Graphical displays,  Administration of all of those tasks) creating projects   OPC Server Open Platform Communications The OPC client communicates with the OPC server to receive data or send commands to the hardware. Data collection & Data transfer    HISTORIAN SERVER Storing historical data 3. DCS Controllers    These controllers are also responsible for providing the data to the servers, which in turn, supply the data for the graphical interface. 4- I/O modules I/O modules are interface between field devices and CPU that Convert the signals from instruments ...

 PLC  Programmable Logic Controller It is a special computer that is program to serve process in industries  Like petroleum , steel, energy , petrochemicals , automations. PLC comes as a replacement of Classic control PLC hardware Component S7-300 RACK 1- PS SIEMENS POWER SUPPLY   (Optional for S7-300/ S7-400 must use siemens PS) 2- CPU 3- IM Interface module 4:11 (SM , FM or CP) S7-300 UP TO 4 RACKS (32 MODULES)   SM Signal Modules  DI             Switches 0,1 DO           Relays, Contactors 0,1 DI/DO AI             Transmitters 4:20mA mostly AO            Control valve control 4:20mA mostly AI/AO   FM Function Module There is some devices like encoders, flow sensors, weigh sensors need special intelligent modules to deal wi...

 Classic Control  Is a control system used remotely control the process to obtain final product with an economic and standard specification. Classic Control system component Digital Input Devices that send discrete signal as a Digital signal true or false ( 0,1) using that signal to  Control Alarm Protection these devices called "Switch" Limit switch Proximity switch Push button Process variable switches  " Pressure- Temperature - Level- Flow ..." switches   Limit switches  are contact switches must has physical contact with the object force them to change the switch status from NO to close or NC to open contact  Proximity sensors  are non-contact switches that detect the presence of an object  with a long life   Proximity sensors types     using different techniques such as      •         Inductive Proximity Sensor . •         Capac...